:root {
  --paper: #f7f6f2;
  --white: #ffffff;
  --ink: #202d3a;
  --muted: #5d666c;
  --line: #dcded9;
  --teal: #14685f;
  --rust: #b4472e;
  --tint: #e9eeea;
  --serif: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 100px; }
body { margin: 0; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); font: 16px/1.7 var(--sans); -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
[hidden] { display: none !important; }
button, input { font: inherit; }
button, a { -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; }
a { color: inherit; text-underline-offset: 4px; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; }
a:hover { color: var(--teal); }
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible, summary:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--teal); outline-offset: 5px; }
button { cursor: pointer; }
img { display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
figure, p { margin: 0; }
p + p { margin-top: 16px; }
h1, h2, h3, h4 { color: var(--ink); margin: 0; }
h1, h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 400; }
h2 { font-size: clamp(32px, 3.4vw, 46px); line-height: 1.17; letter-spacing: -1.5px; }
h3 { font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.35; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -.4px; }
h4 { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.5; font-weight: 600; }
::selection { background: #cee2dc; color: #153e39; }
.container { width: min(1180px, calc(100% - 96px)); margin-inline: auto; }
.section { padding-block: 94px; }
.eyebrow { text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 1.7px; font-weight: 650; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--teal); margin-bottom: 17px; }
.text-link { text-decoration: none; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 18px; border-bottom: 1px solid currentColor; line-height: 1.8; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; }
.button { min-height: 46px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 24px; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border: 1px solid transparent; border-radius: 3px; font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5; transition: background .2s, color .2s; }
.button-primary { background: var(--ink); color: var(--white); }
.button-primary:hover { background: var(--teal); color: var(--white); }
.skip-link { position: fixed; top: -100px; left: 20px; padding: 12px 20px; background: var(--ink); color: white; z-index: 100; }
.skip-link:focus { top: 15px; color: white; }
.sr-only { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0; }
.site-header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 20; background: rgba(247, 246, 242, .97); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.header-inner { min-height: 82px; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 30px; }
.wordmark { text-decoration: none; font: 600 15px var(--sans); letter-spacing: -.2px; }
#site-nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 30px; }
#site-nav a { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 500; text-decoration: none; padding-block: 12px; }
#site-nav a:last-child { color: var(--teal); }
.menu-toggle { display: none; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: transparent; padding: 7px 13px; border-radius: 3px; color: var(--ink); }
.hero { padding-block: 94px 78px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.6fr 1fr; gap: 90px; align-items: center; }
.hero .eyebrow { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 9px; }
.status-dot { width: 7px; height: 7px; background: var(--teal); border-radius: 50%; flex: 0 0 auto; }
h1 { font-size: clamp(56px, 6.3vw, 83px); line-height: 1.12; letter-spacing: -3.6px; margin: 9px 0 18px; }
.position { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 26px; }
.position span { color: var(--muted); font-weight: 400; }
.hero-intro { font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.65; max-width: 590px; }
.hero-detail { color: var(--muted); font-size: 15px; max-width: 565px; }
.hero-actions { margin-top: 28px; display: flex; gap: 28px; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.profile-links { display: flex; gap: 22px; flex-wrap: wrap; font-size: 12px; }
.profile-links a { text-decoration: none; }
.hero .profile-links { margin-top: 28px; }
.portrait { width: 100%; padding: 0 0 0 10px; }
.portrait-frame { background: #d6ddd9; aspect-ratio: 1 / 1.08; position: relative; }
.portrait img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: 50% 48%; }
.research { background: var(--white); border-block: 1px solid var(--line); }
.section-heading { display: flex; align-items: flex-end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 60px; margin-bottom: 50px; }
.section-heading > p { max-width: 375px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; }
.section-heading > div:first-child { flex-shrink: 0; }
.research-overview { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.35fr 1fr; align-items: start; gap: 65px; }
.real-lens-feature { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 320px 1fr; align-items: center; gap: 65px; }
.real-lens-feature .feature-copy { max-width: 615px; }
.real-lens-feature .feature-copy h3 { font-size: 35px; }
.real-lens-figure { max-width: 320px; }
.rubin-section { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.rubin-feature { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.12fr; gap: 65px; align-items: center; }
.rubin-feature h2 { margin-bottom: 23px; }
.rubin-feature .text-link { margin-top: 23px; }
.rubin-photo { align-self: center; }
.rubin-goals { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 38px; margin-top: 43px; padding-top: 29px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.rubin-goals article + article { padding-left: 30px; border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.rubin-goals h3 { font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.rubin-goals p { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }
.science-figure { min-width: 0; }
.science-figure img { width: 100%; }
.figure-link { display: block; text-decoration: none; position: relative; background: white; }
.enlarge-label { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: flex-end; gap: 12px; padding: 7px 0; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--teal); }
.science-figure figcaption { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.65; padding-top: 9px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.overview-figure { padding-top: 10px; }
.research-topics article { padding: 0 0 24px 35px; position: relative; }
.research-topics article + article { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-top: 23px; }
.research-topics article p { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 10px; }
.research-topics article a { color: var(--teal); }
.topic-index { position: absolute; top: 3px; left: 0; color: var(--rust); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600; }
.research-topics article + article .topic-index { top: 28px; }
.model-feature { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.35fr 1fr; grid-template-areas: "copy mass" "reconstruction mass"; gap: 30px 65px; margin-top: 45px; padding-top: 56px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); align-items: center; }
.model-feature .feature-copy { grid-area: copy; }
.feature-copy h3 { font: 400 31px/1.2 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -.7px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.feature-copy p:not(.eyebrow) { color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; }
.feature-copy .text-link { margin-top: 22px; }
.reconstruction-figure { grid-area: reconstruction; }
.mass-figure { grid-area: mass; width: 100%; max-width: 480px; justify-self: center; }
.in-motion { background: var(--tint); border-bottom: 1px solid #d5dfd9; }
.in-motion .section-heading { margin-bottom: 33px; }
.animation-tabs { display: flex; gap: 6px; border-bottom: 1px solid #bfcec5; margin-bottom: 28px; }
.tab-button { background: transparent; border: none; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; padding: 13px 20px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; }
.tab-button[aria-pressed="true"] { color: var(--teal); border-bottom-color: var(--teal); }
.tab-button:hover { color: var(--teal); background: #dfe9e2; }
.animation-surface { background: white; padding: 26px 30px; border: 1px solid #cbd6cf; border-radius: 4px; }
.animation-surface img { width: 100%; }
.animation-bottom { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 60px; margin-top: 24px; }
.animation-bottom figcaption { font-size: 13px; color: #4e6158; max-width: 780px; line-height: 1.7; }
.animation-bottom strong { color: var(--ink); }
.button-play { flex-shrink: 0; background: var(--teal); color: white; }
.button-play:hover { background: #104f48; color: white; }
.button-play:disabled { opacity: .7; cursor: wait; }
.animation-note { font-size: 11px; color: #5e6c63; margin-top: 17px; }
.animation-figure + .animation-figure { margin-top: 40px; }
.follow-up-feature { margin-top: 54px; padding-top: 45px; border-top: 1px solid #bfcec5; }
.follow-up-feature .section-heading { margin-bottom: 27px; }
.follow-up-feature h3 { font: 400 32px/1.2 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -.7px; }
.follow-up-feature .figure-link { padding: 18px 18px 0; border: 1px solid #cbd6cf; border-radius: 4px; }
.follow-up-feature figcaption { border-top: 0; padding-top: 15px; }
.section-links { display: grid; justify-items: start; gap: 12px; }
.publication-filters { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 9px; margin: -9px 0 20px; }
.publication-filters button { border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 6px 15px; background: transparent; border-radius: 3px; font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); min-height: 40px; }
.publication-filters button[aria-pressed="true"] { border-color: var(--ink); color: white; background: var(--ink); }
.publication-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.publication-list > li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 80px 1fr; gap: 30px; padding: 29px 0 30px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.publication-year { font: 400 25px/1.5 var(--serif); color: var(--rust); }
.publication-venue { font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.publication-list h3 { font-size: 19px; font-weight: 550; line-height: 1.45; max-width: 890px; }
.publication-list h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.publication-authors { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 8px; }
.publication-list article > p:not(.publication-authors):not(.publication-venue) { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 6px; }
.publication-authors strong { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.paper-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 22px; margin-top: 12px; }
.paper-links a { font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; color: var(--teal); }
.paper-links a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.ongoing-work { margin-top: 22px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 3px; padding: 0 27px; background: #f0f0ea; }
.ongoing-work summary { padding: 19px 0; cursor: pointer; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; }
.ongoing-work summary span { font-size: 11px; font-weight: 400; color: var(--muted); margin-left: 20px; }
.manuscript-note { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
.ongoing-work ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin-bottom: 0; }
.ongoing-work li { padding: 19px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.ongoing-work h3 { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; }
.ongoing-work li p { font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 6px; }
.software { background: white; border-block: 1px solid var(--line); }
.software-feature { padding: 36px; background: #f3f5f1; border: 1px solid #dbe2d9; border-radius: 4px; }
.software-feature .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 7px; }
.software-feature h3 { font: 400 34px var(--serif); letter-spacing: -1px; margin-bottom: 15px; }
.software-feature p:not(.eyebrow) { color: var(--muted); max-width: 820px; font-size: 14px; }
.software-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 34px; margin-top: 40px; }
.software-grid article + article { padding-left: 32px; border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.small-label { font-size: 11px; color: var(--muted); }
.software-grid h3 { font-size: 19px; margin: 8px 0 12px; }
.software-grid h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.software-grid h3 span { color: var(--teal); margin-left: 6px; }
.software-grid p { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }
.about-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.1fr; gap: 95px; }
.subsection-title { margin-bottom: 25px; }
.timeline { list-style: none; padding: 0 0 0 21px; border-left: 1px solid #c4ccc6; margin: 0; }
.timeline li { position: relative; padding: 0 0 29px 8px; }
.timeline li:last-child { padding-bottom: 0; }
.timeline li::before { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 7px; height: 7px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--teal); left: -25px; top: 8px; }
.timeline-date { font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .5px; color: var(--teal); margin-bottom: 5px; }
.timeline li p:not(.timeline-date) { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 7px; }
.timeline a { font-size: 12px; }
.community article + article { margin-top: 29px; padding-top: 27px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.community h3 { font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 14px; }
.community p { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); }
.contact { background: var(--ink); padding-block: 75px; color: white; }
.contact-inner { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.15fr 1fr; gap: 90px; align-items: center; }
.contact .eyebrow { color: #99c5b8; }
.contact h2 { color: white; font-size: 40px; line-height: 1.2; }
.contact h2 + p { margin-top: 22px; color: #c3cbd2; font-size: 14px; max-width: 440px; }
.contact-details { min-width: 0; }
.email-link { font-size: clamp(16px, 1.7vw, 21px); letter-spacing: -.4px; text-decoration: none; padding-bottom: 12px; border-bottom: 1px solid #6f7d88; display: block; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.email-link span { float: right; margin-left: 10px; }
.contact a:hover { color: #a2d9c9; }
.contact-details > p { color: #c3cbd2; font-size: 13px; margin-top: 23px; }
.contact .profile-links { margin-top: 26px; color: #d9e6df; }
.site-footer { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 25px; padding-block: 25px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; }
.site-footer a { text-decoration: none; }
.site-footer p + p { margin-top: 0; }
.figure-dialog { width: min(1300px, 96vw); max-height: 94vh; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 5px; padding: 24px; color: var(--ink); background: white; }
.figure-dialog::backdrop { background: rgba(17, 30, 35, .78); }
.dialog-header { display: flex; gap: 30px; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; margin-bottom: 22px; }
.dialog-header h2 { font: 500 20px/1.4 var(--sans); letter-spacing: -.3px; }
.dialog-close { flex-shrink: 0; background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 8px 13px; border-radius: 3px; color: var(--ink); font-size: 13px; }
.figure-dialog img { width: 100%; }
.figure-dialog > p { font-size: 13px; margin-top: 20px; color: var(--muted); }
body.dialog-open { overflow: hidden; }
@media (min-width: 1700px) { .hero { padding-top: 115px; padding-bottom: 100px; } }
@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  .container { width: calc(100% - 64px); }
  .hero { gap: 45px; grid-template-columns: 1.5fr 1fr; padding-top: 70px; }
  h1 { font-size: 64px; }
  .hero-intro { font-size: 19px; }
  .hero-detail { font-size: 14px; }
  .section-heading { gap: 35px; }
  .section-heading > div:first-child { flex-shrink: 1; }
  .research-overview { gap: 35px; grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 1fr; }
  .real-lens-feature { grid-template-columns: 280px 1fr; gap: 35px; }
  .rubin-feature { gap: 35px; }
  #site-nav { gap: 20px; }
  .model-feature { gap: 40px; }
  .about-grid, .contact-inner { gap: 50px; }
  .animation-bottom { gap: 30px; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  html { scroll-padding-top: 85px; }
  .container { width: calc(100% - 40px); }
  .header-inner { min-height: 70px; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0; }
  .menu-toggle:not([hidden]) { display: block; }
  #site-nav { width: 100%; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px 24px; padding: 0 0 16px; }
  .js #site-nav { display: none; }
  .js #site-nav.is-open { display: flex; }
  #site-nav a { padding: 6px 0; }
  .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 40px; padding-block: 52px 55px; }
  h1 { font-size: clamp(51px, 10vw, 73px); letter-spacing: -2.6px; }
  .hero-intro { max-width: 620px; }
  .hero-detail { max-width: 620px; }
  .portrait { max-width: 260px; padding: 0; justify-self: start; }
  .portrait-frame { aspect-ratio: 1; }
  .hero .profile-links { gap: 14px 20px; }
  .section { padding-block: 62px; }
  .section-heading { display: block; margin-bottom: 35px; }
  .section-heading > p { max-width: none; margin-top: 19px; }
  .section-heading .section-links { margin-top: 25px; }
  .section-heading > .text-link { margin-top: 24px; }
  .research-overview { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 37px; }
  .real-lens-feature { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 30px; }
  .real-lens-figure { width: 100%; justify-self: center; }
  .real-lens-feature .feature-copy h3 { font-size: 30px; }
  .rubin-feature, .rubin-goals { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 27px; }
  .rubin-goals { margin-top: 30px; }
  .rubin-goals article + article { border-left: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 23px 0 0; }
  .research-topics article { padding-bottom: 21px; }
  .model-feature { grid-template-columns: 1fr; grid-template-areas: "copy" "reconstruction" "mass"; margin-top: 22px; gap: 26px; padding-top: 38px; }
  .feature-copy h3 { font-size: 30px; }
  .animation-tabs { gap: 0; }
  .tab-button { flex: 1; padding: 11px 9px; font-size: 12px; }
  .animation-surface { padding: 12px 8px; }
  .animation-bottom { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 18px; }
  .animation-bottom figcaption { font-size: 12px; }
  .follow-up-feature .figure-link { padding: 10px 8px 0; }
  .publication-list > li { grid-template-columns: 48px 1fr; gap: 16px; padding-block: 24px; }
  .publication-year { font-size: 21px; }
  .publication-list h3 { font-size: 17px; }
  .publication-venue { font-size: 10px; }
  .ongoing-work { padding-inline: 18px; }
  .ongoing-work summary span { margin-left: 8px; }
  .software-feature { padding: 25px; }
  .software-feature h3 { font-size: 30px; }
  .software-feature .eyebrow { font-size: 9px; }
  .software-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 24px; }
  .software-grid article + article { padding: 24px 0 0; border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .about-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 45px; }
  .contact-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 38px; }
  .contact { padding-block: 58px; }
  .contact h2 { font-size: 35px; }
  .email-link { font-size: 18px; }
  .site-footer { flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px 24px; }
  .site-footer p:nth-child(2) { display: none; }
  .figure-dialog { padding: 16px; }
}
@media (max-width: 390px) {
  .container { width: calc(100% - 32px); }
  .hero-actions { gap: 20px; }
  .hero-intro { font-size: 18px; }
  .email-link { font-size: 16px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { transition: none !important; }
}
@media print {
  body { font-size: 11pt; background: white; }
  .container { width: 100%; }
  .site-header { position: static; }
  #site-nav, .menu-toggle, .animation-tabs, .button-play, .publication-filters, .enlarge-label, .site-footer { display: none !important; }
  .section { padding-block: 25px; }
  .hero { padding-block: 30px; }
  .contact { background: white; color: var(--ink); }
  .contact h2 { color: var(--ink); }
  .contact p, .contact a, .contact .eyebrow { color: var(--ink); }
  figure, .publication-list > li, .timeline li { break-inside: avoid; }
  .publication-list > li[hidden] { display: grid !important; }
}